In this study, chemical compositions of black seed meals samples were determined. 18 male weaning Zandi lambs with an average body weight of 23.5 ±1.5 kg were used in a completely randomized Design in three groups of six in individual pens. Experimental treatments were: 1) control (basal diet with 12% soybean meal and without black seed meal), 2) diet containing 6% soybean meal and 9% black seed meal and 3) diet containing 18% black seed meal and without soybean meal. The concentration of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF, ADIN, and crude ash of black seed meal samples were 97.53±0.58, 31.26±0.99, 15.16 ± 0.61, 25.95 ± 1.34, 14.2±0.80, 0.69±0.04 and 5.07 ± 0.24, respectively. Replacement of soybean meal with black seed meal in the diet of experimental lambs had no effect on final body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, dry matter intake, dressing percentage, tail and total body fat deposition. Albumin and total protein were higher for lambs fed by diet containing 18 % black seed meal compared to other treatments (P <0.05). However, the concentration of blood triglyceride, cholesterol and urea nitrogen were not differed between experimental groups. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fat and protein were not affect by feeding of experimental diets. It seems that black seed meal can be used in the diet of fattening lambs up to 18% without adverse effect on performance and nutrients digestibility of growing lambs.

Improving participation in voluntary activities in Iran is important because increasing productivity among young people, given the country's young population, contributes to community sustainability. Therefore, a better understanding of volunteer motivation in Iranian youth is needed. The Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) for assessing volunteer motivations has good psychometric properties and is adapted to several languages, but no validated Iranian translation yet exists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of voluntary functions inventory in members of Iranian Red Crescent Society. Sample size was 595 members of Youth Organization of Iranian Red Crescent Society from 31 provinces and 175 cities of Iran that were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and responded to voluntary functions inventory. Data were collected using a demographic sample and voluntary functions inventory (VFI). Confirmatory factor analysis using principal components method was used for data analysis. The results of the present study showed that the voluntary functions inventory had validity and reliability. Also, the factor structure showed that 29 items and 6 factors well assess people's attitudes to volunteering, and the structure of this inventory was well-fitted and confirmed all goodness of fit models. The present study provides the use of the Iranian translation of the Voluntary Functions Inventory (6 scales and 29 items) to assess volunteer motivation among young Iranian volunteers.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is one of the most successful techniques of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and is mostly in use for the treatment of infertility with male factors. In this method, before injecting sperm into the intracytoplasmic of the oocyte, cumulus cells around the oocyte must be stripped to facilitate the injection process. To achieve this, both enzymatic and mechanical methods are used in embryological laboratories for denudation, which has major deficiencies, including the possibility of damaging the oocyte prior to the injection process. In this research, a microfluidic-based device is introduced for the separation of cumulus cells around the oocyte with minimum manual operations. The results prove high efficiency, and non-destructive denudation of the oocyte with the reduced amount of culture medium leads to the low-cost preparation process of oocytes. The process can also be integrated with ICSI chips under development and will be reported shortly.

Sound is one of the forms of mechanical energy and the two main characteristics of sound are intensity or power and frequency or wavelength of sound.their performance against the incoming sound wave, industrial silencers can be divided into two general groups of resonating and absorption silencers, the main difference between these silencers is the release of sound energy from the channeling system, which is one of the common examples of the use of resonating type silencers, their use in It is the internal combustion engines that distinguish absorption silencers from the resonator type based on the fact that the main and visible part of the act of muting the sound is achieved by changing sound energy to heat energy.The goal of this article is to Design a muffler based on the breaking of sound frequencies resulting from the movement of fluid in the exhaust output of vehicles, which leads to a reduction of at least 50 db of sound and gives the operator enough peace and concentration. In this article, after examining three types of mufflers, absorbent mufflers that use the properties of porous absorbent material to absorb passing sound and are the simplest form of mufflers, have been selected, analyzed and reviewed and are suitable for the OM457 engine of Idem Industrial Company. It Designed for maximum inlet exhaust temperature is 520 and for the maximum kW power is 315 with the maximum discharge relative pressure of 185 mbar for homogenization with the standard atmosphere.

Evaluating the cutting rate (CR) of stones is important in the cost estimation and the planning of the stone processing plants. This research used regression models to estimate the stones’ CR based on their physico-mechanical characteristics. Stone processing factories in Mahallat City (Markazi province, Iran) were visited, and the CR of diamond circular saws was recorded on six different travertine stones. Next, the stone block samples were collected from the quarries for laboratory tests. Stones’ porosity (n), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and Schmidt hammer hardness (SH) were determined in the laboratory as their physico-mechanical characteristics. Correlation relationships of CR with physico-mechanical characteristics were evaluated using simple and multiple regression analyses, and estimator models were developed. Results showed that multiple regression models are more reliable than simple regression for estimating the stones’ CR. The validity of the developed multiple regression models was verified with the published data of one researcher. The findings indicated that these models are accurate enough for estimating the CR of stones. Consequently, the multiple regression models provide practical advantages for estimating the CR and save time and cost during the planning and Design of the stone processing factories.

زمینه و هدف: غنی سازی شغل، روشی است که برای افزایش رضایت و انگیزش شغلی کارمندان استفاده می شود. مدل ویژگیهای شغلی هاکمن و اولدهام (1976) به عنوان پایه ای برای تعداد زیادی از تلاشهای غنی سازی شغل عمل می کند. هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین ارتباط ویژگیهای شغلی با رضایت شغلی در میان کارکنان بیمارستانهای تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران در سال 1386 بود.روش کار: نوع مطالعه مقطعی از نوعی توصیفی- تحلیلی بود. محیط پژوهش 6 بیمارستان (دولتی و خصوصی) امام خمینی، دکتر شریعتی، بهارلو، ضیائیان، مدائن و آزادی بودند که همگی تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران قرار دارند. تعداد نمونه 400 نفر بود شامل 200 نفر کارمند (50 درصد)، 151 پرستار (38 درصد) و 49 پزشک (12 درصد). روش نمونه گیری، طبقه ای بود. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه ای دو بخشی بود که بخش اول آن مربوط به شناخت شغل و بخش دوم آن ناظر به رضایت شغلی بود. پایایی پرسشنامه با انجام test-retest و با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون تایید شد (r=0.88). آزمونهای مورد استفاده برای تحلیل داده ها linear-by-linear و ordinal logistics regression analysis بودند.نتایج: ارتباط معنی داری میان توان بالقوه انگیزشی (Motivational Potential Score= MPS) و اجزای آن (به جز بازخورد) با رضایت شغلی مشاهده شد (P<0.05) و ماهیت شغلی بیشترین تاثیر را روی رضایت شغلی داشت.نتیجه گیری: یافته ها نشان می دهند که تمامی ویژگیهای شغلی (به جز بازخورد) روی رضایت شغلی تاثیر مثبت داشتند. اگرچه محیط کاری نیاز به باز سازی دارد اما مهم این است که به این نکته توجه داشته باشیم که ویژگیهای شغلی نقش زیادی در تغییر سطح رضایت کارکنان دارند.